NAD⁺

NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is the central redox coenzyme of cellular metabolism, present in virtually every living cell. Beyond its established function in electron transfer during energy-producing reactions, NAD+ is consumed by sirtuins, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and CD38-related enzymes involved in DNA damage responses, protein modification and cellular signalling. NAD+ has become a major focus of research into cellular ageing because its concentration and metabolism can change with age, physiological stress and disease. The benefits of externally administered NAD+ remain substantially less established than its essential biological functions. FAB Research supplies NAD+ in a 1000mg pre-filled metered research pen for laboratory investigation.

NAD+ has two broad biological functions: acting as a coenzyme in oxidation–reduction reactions and serving as a substrate for enzymes involved in cellular regulation. As a redox coenzyme it participates in glycolysis, the citric acid cycle and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation via Complex I. As an enzyme substrate, sirtuin proteins (SIRT1–SIRT7) consume NAD+ in protein deacetylation and are investigated in metabolic gene regulation and cellular stress responses. PARP enzymes consume NAD+ during DNA damage responses, creating an important connection between NAD+ availability and DNA repair-associated biology. CD38-associated activity has attracted interest because certain experimental studies identify changes in CD38 expression with age.

Several studies have reported age-associated changes in NAD+ metabolism in animal experiments and human tissue analyses, identifying reductions in some tissues and physiological conditions. The extent of age-related decline is not uniform and can vary by tissue type, metabolic state and measurement technique. Sirtuin research has investigated metabolic gene regulation, cellular stress responses and mitochondrial signalling. The DNA repair connection via PARPs has prompted interest in whether NAD+ availability influences repair outcomes, though the evidence does not establish that externally administered NAD+ improves DNA repair in humans. Cellular senescence research has examined NAD+ metabolism in relation to senescence-associated signalling, but the evidence does not establish NAD+ as a senolytic compound.

• 100 mg per application (one metered dose)
• 10 doses per pen (1000 mg total)
• Sterile isotonic buffer, pH 7.4 — light-sensitive; protect from direct illumination
• NAD⁺ is a coenzyme, not a peptide; included for use alongside peptide compounds in cellular energy research

Storage: Store refrigerated at 2–8 °C. Do not freeze. Protect from light — NAD⁺ solutions are light-sensitive.

• For in-vitro laboratory and preclinical research only — not for human or animal administration
• Light sensitivity: NAD⁺ solutions degrade under UV/visible light — protect samples during assays and storage
• Enzymatic assay compatibility: NAD⁺ participates in many redox reactions; account for potential interference in enzyme-activity measurements
• The age-related decline in NAD⁺ metabolism is the primary research rationale; evidence that exogenous NAD⁺ administration reverses this in humans is not established

• Clinical IV/IM administration data: flushing — very commonly reported, often within minutes of infusion
• Nausea, headache, fatigue, dizziness — documented in clinical infusion studies
• Chest pressure / tightness: reported with rapid IV infusion; attributed to rate-dependent effects
• Peripheral sensory effects (tingling, warmth) noted in clinical administration literature
• Generally well tolerated at slower administration rates in clinical programmes

Effects listed are observations from published research literature and are not predictions for any specific use. All FAB Research products are for in-vitro laboratory research — not for human or animal administration.